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　　浸滲技術(shù)的古代應(yīng)用(含浸技術(shù)的由來)The ancient application of Infiltration technology (including the origin of infiltration technology)：

　　其實浸滲技術(shù)不是現(xiàn)代社會最先使用的，在古代人們就已經(jīng)開始利用浸滲技術(shù)來進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)活動，雖然其使用目的與現(xiàn)代浸滲目的不同，但這應(yīng)該是最古老的浸滲技術(shù)。但我們不得不佩服祖先的智慧。

　　In fact, infiltration technology is not the first to be used in modern society. In ancient times, people have already started to use infiltration technology to carry out production activities. Although the purpose of its use is different from that of modern infiltration, it should be the oldest infiltration technology. But we have to admire the wisdom of our ancestors.

　　1、最典型的古代浸滲技術(shù)是切割巨大巖石技術(shù)The most typical ancient infiltration technique is the cutting of huge rocks：

　　古時候沒有巖石切割機(jī)械，那么，建筑以及裝飾所需要的巨大大巖石是如何切割的呢?實際上從古代開始，人們就已經(jīng)開始掌握了簡單的浸滲技術(shù)及其原理，在大巖石上開一些孔將干燥的木棒打入孔內(nèi)，人們利用浸滲原理通過干燥的木棒的微孔吸收水分進(jìn)入木棒，則木棒開始膨脹，大家知道木材吸收水分其膨脹的壓力是非常大的，靠其膨脹的巨大力度使巖石裂開，這樣就達(dá)到了切割巖石的效果。利用干燥木棒吸收水分膨脹，這應(yīng)該是最古老的浸滲技術(shù)吧。

　　There were no rock cutting machines in ancient times, so how were the huge rocks used for buildings and decorations cut? Actually since ancient times, people began to master the simple impregnation technology and its principle, on the big rock to open some dry stick into the hole, the hole people by using the theory of infiltration microporous absorb water through the dry sticks sticks, the rods began to swell, as we all know wood imbibe its inflation pressure is very big, It expands with so much force that it cracks the rock, and in this way it cuts the rock. The use of dry wood to absorb water expansion, this should be the oldest infiltration technology.

　　2、防止木制品變形的木材浸滲技術(shù)Wood infiltration technology to prevent deformation of wood products：

　　木制品因干燥或濕潤而發(fā)生膨脹收縮變形，比如工具木制手柄、刀柄等木制品變形而松脫，木器變形等。為解決這個問題，人們在做好木制品后用樹脂浸滲到其內(nèi)部，這樣就解決了這個問題。這種浸滲目的與現(xiàn)代木材浸滲目的是相同的，現(xiàn)在還在使用。

　　Wood products due to dry or wet and expansion shrinkage deformation, such as tool wooden handle, tool handle and other wood products deformation and loose, wood deformation. To solve this problem, people made wood products with resin infiltration into the interior, thus solving the problem. The purpose of this infiltration is the same as that of modern wood infiltration, which is still used today.

　　浸滲技術(shù)的當(dāng)代應(yīng)用Contemporary applications of infiltration technology

　　1、防止軍用飛機(jī)的鋁合金鑄造零件微孔泄漏Prevent the microhole leakage of the aluminum alloy casting parts of military aircraft：

　　飛機(jī)是1905年試飛成功，在1914-1918年第一次世界大戰(zhàn)得到應(yīng)用，在1939-1945年第二次世界大戰(zhàn)金屬材質(zhì)的飛機(jī)得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。

　　金屬材質(zhì)飛機(jī)上的鋁合金鑄造零件由于在鑄造時存在著眼睛看不到的針孔氣孔縮孔等微孔，這些是由于在鑄造時鋁合金產(chǎn)生了氣體和模具中原有氣體在材料內(nèi)部到處移動而形成的，或者成型過程中冷卻收縮導(dǎo)致的。

　　視針孔等不同特性，可能會導(dǎo)致從部件的內(nèi)部向外部發(fā)生泄漏。如零部件殼體內(nèi)部的潤滑油、油脂、冷卻水、汽油、空氣、空調(diào)用致冷劑氣體等液體、氣體會泄漏。此外，會從外部滲入水分等，會對部件的功能造成影響甚至損害。

　　所以需要進(jìn)行浸滲處理，浸滲處理是指使液體狀的浸滲劑滲入鑄件微孔內(nèi)部，使其固化，從而防止發(fā)生零件漏氣漏油滲水等現(xiàn)象。此浸滲技術(shù)是在1940年開始應(yīng)用到此軍工方面的。由于在美國是軍工生產(chǎn)的重要生產(chǎn)工序，所以美國軍工企業(yè)和軍事管理部門制定了浸滲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，之后經(jīng)過幾次更新，更新后的浸滲劑的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是MIL-I-17563C，至今仍然在使用此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。浸滲處理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是MIL-STD-276A，至今仍然在使用。

　　The aircraft was successfully tested in 1905, and was used in World War I from 1914-1918, and in World War II from 1939-1945, metal aircraft were widely used.

　　The aluminum alloy casting parts on the metal plane are due to the existence of micro pores such as pinhole porosity and shrinkage that can not be seen by the eyes during casting. These are formed due to the gas produced by the aluminum alloy during casting and the original gas in the mold moving around in the material, or caused by cooling and shrinkage in the forming process.

　　Different characteristics, such as pinholes, may cause leakage from the inside of the component to the outside. Such as lubricating oil, grease, cooling water, gasoline, air, air conditioning refrigerant gas and other liquids and gases inside the shell of the parts will leak. In addition, moisture will infiltrate from the outside, which will affect or even damage the function of the components.

　　Therefore, it is necessary to carry out infiltration treatment. Infiltration treatment is to allow the liquid infiltration agent to penetrate into the inner pores of the casting, so as to solidify it, so as to prevent the occurrence of parts leakage, oil leakage and water seepage. The infiltration technology was applied to the military industry in 1940. Since it is an important production process in military production in the United States, the American military enterprise and military management department formulated the infiltration standard. After several updates, the updated infiltration agent standard is MIL-I-17563C, which is still in use today. The standard for infiltration treatment was MIL-STD-276A, which is still in use today.

　　2、軍用轉(zhuǎn)民用Military to civilian use：

　　后來在汽車、摩托車、火車、船舶、空調(diào)等家用電器產(chǎn)業(yè)、水泵和管件等五金方面等耐壓鑄件以及齒輪和電子零件、粉末冶金件也得到廣泛應(yīng)用，在耐壓壓鑄零件的批量生產(chǎn)過程中，一般會產(chǎn)生8~50%左右的零件泄漏。如將其完全重新鑄造，將會花費巨大的成本，因此，浸滲廣泛應(yīng)用到民間企業(yè)。所以浸滲處理在質(zhì)量保證、降低生產(chǎn)成本方面起到了關(guān)鍵作用，成為了一道非常重要的生產(chǎn)工序。

　　Later, in the automobile, motorcycle, train, ship, air conditioning and other household appliances industry, water pump and pipe fittings and other hardware, such as pressure castings, gear and electronic parts, powder metallurgy parts are also widely used. In the mass production process of pressure die-casting parts, generally will produce about 8~ 50% of the parts leakage. If it is completely re-cast, it will cost a huge amount of money, so infiltration is widely used in private enterprises. Therefore, infiltration treatment plays a key role in quality assurance and reducing production costs, and has become a very important production process.

　　3、其它應(yīng)用Other applications：

　　在電子元器件及電機(jī)線圈絕緣、零件防銹方面等也得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。

　　另外在提高零件的物理性能方面如提高零件的切割性能以延長切割刀具的使用壽命也得到了應(yīng)用。

　　另外，在金屬表面處理如電鍍、噴漆、噴塑工序之前也應(yīng)用著浸滲處理，可以提高電鍍、噴漆以及噴塑的品質(zhì)，表面更光潔不會產(chǎn)生斑點、凹凸，并可延長零件壽命。

　　It is also widely used in electronic components and motor coil insulation, parts rust prevention, etc.

　　In addition to improve the physical properties of parts such as improving the cutting performance of parts to extend the service life of cutting tools has also been applied.

　　In addition, in the metal surface treatment such as electroplating, spray painting, plastic spraying process is also applied infiltration treatment, can improve the quality of electroplating, spray painting and plastic spraying, the surface is more smooth will not produce spots, bumps, and can extend the life of parts.

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